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RFC (s) RFC 9293. The Transmission Control Protocol ( TCP) is one of the main protocols of the Internet protocol suite. It originated in the initial network implementation in which it complemented the Internet Protocol (IP). Therefore, the entire suite is commonly referred to as TCP/IP. TCP provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery ...
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) uses a congestion control algorithm that includes various aspects of an additive increase/multiplicative decrease (AIMD) scheme, along with other schemes including slow start [1] and congestion window (CWND), to achieve congestion avoidance. The TCP congestion-avoidance algorithm is the primary basis for ...
Explicit Congestion Notification ( ECN) is an extension to the Internet Protocol and to the Transmission Control Protocol and is defined in RFC 3168 (2001). ECN allows end-to-end notification of network congestion without dropping packets. ECN is an optional feature that may be used between two ECN-enabled endpoints when the underlying network ...
An expansion of the 400 Bad Request response code, used when a client certificate is required but not provided. 497 HTTP Request Sent to HTTPS Port. An expansion of the 400 Bad Request response code, used when the client has made a HTTP request to a port listening for HTTPS requests. 499 Client Closed Request.
Packet loss occurs when one or more packets of data travelling across a computer network fail to reach their destination. Packet loss is either caused by errors in data transmission, typically across wireless networks, [1] [2] or network congestion. [3] : 36 Packet loss is measured as a percentage of packets lost with respect to packets sent.
The HTTP persistent connections do not use separate keepalive messages, they just allow multiple requests to use a single connection. However, the default connection timeout of Apache httpd 1.3 and 2.0 is as little as 15 seconds and just 5 seconds for Apache httpd 2.2 and above.
TCP reset attack, also known as a forged TCP reset or spoofed TCP reset, is a way to terminate a TCP connection by sending a forged TCP reset packet. This tampering technique can be used by a firewall or abused by a malicious attacker to interrupt Internet connections.
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The TCP_QUICKACK flag is available on Linux since 2001 (2.4.4) and potentially on Windows, where the official interface is SIO_TCP_SET_ACK_FREQUENCY. Setting TcpAckFrequency to 1 in the Windows registry turns off delayed ACK by default. On FreeBSD, the sysctl entry net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack controls the default behavior.
Reasons for this message may include: the physical connection to the host does not exist (distance is infinite); the indicated protocol or port is not active; the data must be fragmented but the 'don't fragment' flag is on. Unreachable TCP ports notably respond with TCP RST rather than a destination unreachable type 3 as might be expected.