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TCP Westwood+ is based on end-to-end bandwidth estimation to set the congestion window and slow-start threshold after a congestion episode, that is, after three duplicate acknowledgments or a timeout. The bandwidth is estimated by averaging the rate of returning acknowledgment packets.
A TCP connection is identified by a four-tuple of the source address, source port, destination address, and destination port. Port numbers are used to identify different services, and to allow multiple connections between hosts.
Upon receiving an IP packet with the Congestion Experienced code point, the TCP receiver echoes back this congestion indication using the ECE flag in the TCP header. When an endpoint receives a TCP segment with the ECE bit it reduces its congestion window as for a packet drop.
This is a list of Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) response status codes. Status codes are issued by a server in response to a client's request made to the server. It includes codes from IETF Request for Comments (RFCs), other specifications, and some additional codes used in some common applications of the HTTP.
The Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) detects packet loss and performs retransmissions to ensure reliable messaging. Packet loss in a TCP connection is also used to avoid congestion and thus produces an intentionally reduced throughput for the connection.
HTTP persistent connection, also called HTTP keep-alive, or HTTP connection reuse, is the idea of using a single TCP connection to send and receive multiple HTTP requests/responses, as opposed to opening a new connection for every single request/response pair.
TCP reset attack, also known as a forged TCP reset or spoofed TCP reset, is a way to terminate a TCP connection by sending a forged TCP reset packet. This tampering technique can be used by a firewall or abused by a malicious attacker to interrupt Internet connections.
Possible fixes. Occasionally you may receive this error which usually corrects itself within a few minutes to a few hours. Learn about possible workarounds for Temporary Error 20 in AOL Mail.
The TCP_QUICKACK flag is available on Linux since 2001 (2.4.4) and potentially on Windows, where the official interface is SIO_TCP_SET_ACK_FREQUENCY. Setting TcpAckFrequency to 1 in the Windows registry turns off delayed ACK by default. On FreeBSD, the sysctl entry net.inet.tcp.delayed_ack controls the default behavior.
It is used by network devices, including routers, to send error messages and operational information indicating success or failure when communicating with another IP address. For example, an error is indicated when a requested service is not available or that a host or router could not be reached. [2]