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In signal processing and electronics, the frequency response of a system is the quantitative measure of the magnitude and phase of the output as a function of input frequency. The frequency response is widely used in the design and analysis of systems, such as audio and control systems , where they simplify mathematical analysis by converting ...
In electrical engineering and control theory, a Bode plot / ˈ b oʊ d i / is a graph of the frequency response of a system. It is usually a combination of a Bode magnitude plot, expressing the magnitude (usually in decibels) of the frequency response, and a Bode phase plot, expressing the phase shift.
A lead–lag compensator is a component in a control system that improves an undesirable frequency response in a feedback and control system. It is a fundamental building block in classical control theory.
Impulse response. The impulse response from a simple audio system. Showing, from top to bottom, the original impulse, the response after high frequency boosting, and the response after low frequency boosting. In signal processing and control theory, the impulse response, or impulse response function ( IRF ), of a dynamic system is its output ...
These lead to a description of the system using terms like bandwidth, frequency response, eigenvalues, gain, resonant frequencies, zeros and poles, which give solutions for system response and design techniques for most systems of interest.
In electrical engineering and mechanical engineering, a transient response is the response of a system to a change from an equilibrium or a steady state. The transient response is not necessarily tied to abrupt events but to any event that affects the equilibrium of the system.
In system analysis, among other fields of study, a linear time-invariant ( LTI) system is a system that produces an output signal from any input signal subject to the constraints of linearity and time-invariance; these terms are briefly defined below.
tr is the rise time of the analysed system, measured in seconds. By definition, t r = t 2 − t 1 . {\displaystyle t_ {r}=t_ {2}-t_ {1}.} fL is the lower cutoff frequency (-3 dB point) of the analysed system, measured in hertz. fH is higher cutoff frequency (-3 dB point) of the analysed system, measured in hertz.
Zero frequency (DC) corresponds to (1, 0), positive frequencies advancing counterclockwise around the circle to the Nyquist frequency at (−1, 0). Two poles are located at the origin, and two zeros are located at z 1 = − 1 2 + j 3 2 {\textstyle z_{1}=-{\frac {1}{2}}+j{\frac {\sqrt {3}}{2}}} , z 2 = − 1 2 − j 3 2 {\textstyle z_{2}=-{\frac ...
It may be driven by a voltage or current source and these will produce different responses. A first order RC circuit is composed of one resistor and one capacitor and is the simplest type of RC circuit. RC circuits can be used to filter a signal by blocking certain frequencies and passing others.