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In the audible range frequency response is usually referred to in connection with electronic amplifiers, microphones and loudspeakers. Radio spectrum frequency response can refer to measurements of coaxial cable, twisted-pair cable, video switching equipment, wireless communications devices, and antenna systems.
A tweeter or treble speaker is a special type of loudspeaker (usually dome, inverse dome or horn-type) that is designed to produce high audio frequencies, typically deliver high frequencies up to 100 kHz.
Electrical characteristics of dynamic loudspeakers. The chief electrical characteristic of a dynamic loudspeaker 's driver is its electrical impedance as a function of frequency. It can be visualized by plotting it as a graph, called the impedance curve.
exemplary frequency response (both in amplitude and phase) [citation needed] because the principle of generating force and pressure is almost free from resonances unlike the more common electrodynamic driver.
(The cutoff frequency corresponds to the wavelength equal to the circumference of the horn mouth. [7]) To achieve adequate response at bass frequencies horn speakers must be very large and cumbersome, so they are more often used for midrange and high frequencies.
The frequency range often specified for audio components is between 20 Hz to 20 kHz, which broadly reflects the human hearing range (the highest audible frequency for most people is less than 20 kHz, with 16 kHz being more typical [4] ). Components with 'flat' frequency responses are often described as being linear.
Sound engineers correct the frequency response of a sound system so that the frequency balance of the music as heard through speakers better matches the original performance picked up by a microphone. Audio amplifiers have long had filters or controls to modify their frequency response.
The frequency response specification of a speaker describes the range of frequencies or musical tones a speaker can reproduce, measured in hertz (Hz). [56] The typical frequency range for a subwoofer is between 20–200 Hz. [1]
For example, if a speaker is optimized for performance in a 40 liter enclosure, one iso-group of the same speakers can achieve the same low frequency extension and overall response characteristics in a 20 liter enclosure. The aforementioned volumes exclude the isobaric chamber.
A mid-range speaker is a loudspeaker driver that reproduces sound in the frequency range from 250 to 2000 Hz. [1] Mid-range drivers are usually cone types or, less commonly, dome types, or compression horn drivers.